Capital is Back!
In an interesting paper titled “ Capital is back: wealth-income ratios in rich countries 1700-2010 ” Piketty and Zucman (2013) show how wealth-to-income ratios in rich countries have come back to the levels seen in the eighteenth and nineteenth century. Between now and then, i.e. in the post-war period, the wealth-to-income levels were much lower. Today, the ratios in countries such as US, UK, France and Germany are around 400-600%, which is similar to the ratios from 1700 to 1900, while in 1970 the ratios were closer to 200-300%! I.e., there is a clear U-shape in the wealth-to-income ratios in all these countries. The U is most extreme in Italy (250% in 1970 and 650% today) and least extreme in Germany (200% in 1970 and 400% today) and in the US (300% in 1970 and 500% today). Interestingly, Piketty and Zucman (2013) argue that the low post-war ratios, particularly in Europe, appear to be a historical anomaly . They argue, and I cannot but agree, that the special circumstances of mass